Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
SOSİAL TƏDQİQATLAR elmi-analitik jurnal /SOCIAL RESEARCH scientific-analytical journal, cilt.1, sa.1, ss.64-89, 2021 (Hakemli Dergi)
Abstract. The most important result of the capitalist production process, which
constitutes the main characteristic of today's world, has been the fact that it has
created a world independent of 'value'. The only approach that has remained unchanged from antiquity to the present day is the search for a ‘fair order and a fair life’,
regardless of the type of the changes. Many values that have undergone a change
in meaning in this process will undoubtedly be re-evaluated and their contents will
be reshaped. Undoubtedly, one of the effective philosophies that reconsider these
values is Michael Walzer's approach to justice. Michael Walzer's understanding of
justice can be examined based on the question of what constitutes a just society.
The starting point of his understanding of justice is the criticism of the Rawlsian
theory of fair distribution, idealist arguments, and philosophers who act upon the
abstract human concept. According to him, the foundations of a just society cannot
be understood in a utopian manner, but within the framework of the values reflected by common life and an appropriate plan. His understanding of justice is based
on an egalitarian and pluralist argument in relation to contexts that are concrete.
Equality, which is the basic concept of Walzer's understanding of justice, is not a
norm. Although the concept of equality presents a variable or complex structure in
the context of pluralism, there are many areas of justice within the system. In these
areas, each set of goods has its own social meanings. Complex equality means
maintaining the unique structures of these different fields. Walzer, who is aware of
the difficulty of controlling power relations between the fields of justice, wants to
regulate the power relations between the fields of justice such as money, political
power, security, and membership in society. Our aim in this study is to examine
Walzer's understanding of justice and his critiques of his understanding of justice
in the new world order, which emerged in the context of power relations in contemporary philosophy by focusing on areas of justice and complex equality theory.
Keywords: Justice, Justice Spheres, Society, Complex Equality