Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
The present work evaluated the efficacy of a Sono-Photo-Fenton technique using ternary vanadate InVO4/BiVO4/FeVO4 for the degradation of tetracycline (TCL), a persistent pharmaceutical pollutant. A comprehensive evaluation of the ultrasound (US), Visible light (Vis-L), and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) along with H2O2 and InVO4/BiVO4/FeVO4 photocatalysts to elucidate synergistic effects and underlying mechanisms. The photocatalyst was prepared and characterized through several analytical methods, such as FESEM and TEM, and XRD to investigate their morphology and crystal size, revealing an average size of 271.9 nm, which confirms the uniformity of the synthesized particles. The electronic structure and band alignments of the InVO4/BiVO4/FeVO4 photocatalyst were elucidated through DFT simulations, Tauc-plot, and Mott-Schottky (MS) analysis. Further, Electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis provides insights into the charge migration route during the proposed dual s-scheme mechanism. Significant degradation efficiency of 98.28 % was achieved under optimized conditions: H2O2 + InVO4/BiVO4/FeVO4 dosage of 80 mg, ultrasonic frequency of 20 kHz, Vis-L power of 500 W, and a reaction time of 120 min. Degradation kinetics confirmed a pseudo-first-order reaction with rate constant of 0.036 min−1, and the TCL degradation pathway was elucidated by LC-MS analysis, confirming the breakdown of TCL into CO2, H2O, and other inorganic substances. This study highlights the potential of energy-driven irradiation using three techniques US + Vis-L + H2O2-InVO4/BiVO4/FeVO4 i.e., Sono-Photo-Fenton process using ternary vanadate as a promising strategy for the treatment of pharmaceutical contaminants in wastewater, offering insights into the mechanisms of enhanced degradation.