Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, cilt.178, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Background: One of the main environmental concerns has recently been the contamination of water sources by organic dyes. Organic dyes are an example of pollutants that can seriously contaminate water and endanger the lives of living things. The present article explores the photocatalytic and synergistic response of BiOBr, g-C3N4, and V2O5 photocatalysts via developing a dual Z-scheme system. Here, we have designed a novel alumina (Al2O3) supported dual Z-scheme BiOBr/g-C3N4/V2O5 heterojunction driven by visible light to remove MB dye effectively. Methods: All photocatalysts were synthesized using an easy-to-use and economical approach. This work employed thermal polycondensation and co-precipitation methods for g-C3N4 and BiOBr fabrication, respectively, while the calcination method was opted for the Al2O3-supported V2O5 photocatalyst. The binary and ternary heterojunctions of Al2O3 supported g-C3N4/V2O5 and BiOBr/g-C3N4/V2O5 were formed using physical mixing and in-situ methods. Significant Findings: The dual Z-scheme charge transferal route amongst BiOBr, g-C3N4, and V2O5 enhanced MB photodegradation performance by extending light absorption, decreasing the recombination rate, and increasing charge separation efficiency, which was validated via optical, PL, and EIS studies. Also, Al2O3 is used in the ternary heterojunction as a supported material for the adsorption of the dye molecules as well as to boost the charge separation and transportation rate. BET analysis confirmed enhancement in the surface area of BiOBr/g-C3N4/V2O5-Al2O3 ternary heterojunction compared to other photocatalysts, leading to improved adsorption. The results explored that the BiOBr/g-C3N4/V2O5-Al2O3 ternary heterojunction outperformed other photocatalysts with an MB degradation efficiency of 91 % within 60 min of light exposure. Additionally, during MB degradation critical function of •O2⁻ and •OH radicals in MB photodegradation was observed, which was validated by ESR and scavenging studies. Furthermore, recyclability studies verified a 78 % degradation rate even after five catalytic cycles and confirmed high stability and reusability of the ternary heterojunction.