Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
WORK A JOURNAL OF PREVENTION, ASSESSMENT & REHABILITATION, cilt.0, sa.0, 2026 (SSCI, Scopus)
Abstract
Background: Occupational
Health and Safety (OHS) training is a key element in promoting safety culture
and risk awareness among university students. While face-to-face education has
been the conventional approach, increasing digitalization has led to the adoption
of online and hybrid methods. However, there is limited research on
systematically comparing these delivery models using structured decision-making
tools. Methods: This study employed a multi-criteria decision-making
(MCDM) approach to evaluate three basic OHS training methods, face-to-face,
online, and hybrid, based on eight criteria. To ensure a robust and reliable
evaluation, the decision matrix scores for criteria such as participation,
attention, and measurability were derived from expert group assessments
supported by pedagogical literature. Criteria weights were determined
objectively using the Entropy-based Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and the
ranking of alternatives was performed using the VIKOR method. Results:
The findings indicate that the hybrid training method offers the most balanced
solution. The analysis revealed that while face-to-face training excels in
interaction, it is constrained by high costs and accessibility issues;
conversely, online training offers flexibility but falls short in learner
engagement and retention. Consequently, the hybrid model ranked first in the
VIKOR analysis as the closest to the ideal solution. Conclusion: The
integrated Entropy AHP–VIKOR model offers a robust framework for guiding
educational policy. The study recommends adopting hybrid models as the primary
strategy, while specifically suggesting face-to-face training for
practice-oriented, high-risk modules, and reserving online methods for
theoretical topics suited to self-regulated learners with adequate technical
infrastructure.
Keywords: Entropy AHP; OHS; VIKOR; MCDM; OHS Training;
Hybrid Education