Novel Applications of Microextraction Techniques Focused on Biological and Forensic Analyses

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D'Ovidio C., Bonelli M., Rosato E., Tartaglia A., ULUSOY H. İ., Samanidou V., ...Daha Fazla

SEPARATIONS, cilt.9, sa.1, 2022 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 9 Sayı: 1
  • Basım Tarihi: 2022
  • Doi Numarası: 10.3390/separations9010018
  • Dergi Adı: SEPARATIONS
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Directory of Open Access Journals
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: microextraction techniques, sample preparation, forensic toxicology, complex biological matrices, green chemistry, PHASE SORPTIVE EXTRACTION, LIQUID-LIQUID MICROEXTRACTION, ARRAY DETECTION METHOD, HUMAN WHOLE-BLOOD, FENTANYL ANALOGS, HUMAN PLASMA, ORAL FLUID, LC-MS/MS, SIMULTANEOUS QUANTIFICATION, PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES
  • Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

In recent years, major attention has been focused on microextraction procedures that allow high recovery of target analytes, regardless of the complexity of the sample matrices. The most used techniques included liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS), and fabric-phase sorptive extraction (FPSE). These techniques manifest a rapid development of sample preparation techniques in different fields, such as biological, environmental, food sciences, natural products, forensic medicine, and toxicology. In the biological and forensic fields, where a wide variety of drugs with different chemical properties are analyzed, the sample preparation is required to make the sample suitable for the instrumental analysis, which often includes gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass detectors or tandem mass detectors (MS/MS). In this review, we have focused our attention on the biological and forensic application of these innovative procedures, highlighting the major advantages and results that have been accomplished in laboratory and clinical practice.