In Vitro Efficacy of Water-Soluble Mercaptopyridine-Substituted Oxotitanium (IV) Phthalocyanine Compounds in Photodynamic Therapy of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Çiftçi M., DOĞAN M., Duman D., Temiz Ö. G., Durmuş M., BAĞDA E.

Medicina (Lithuania), cilt.61, sa.7, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 61 Sayı: 7
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.3390/medicina61071285
  • Dergi Adı: Medicina (Lithuania)
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Directory of Open Access Journals
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oxotitanium (IV) phthalocyanine, PDT, SCC-9
  • Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Background and Objectives: The efficacy of newly synthesized water-soluble octa-mercaptopyridine-substituted oxotitanium (IV) phthalocyanine (oxo-TiPc) and copper (II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) compounds in photodynamic therapy (PDT) was investigated using human tongue squamous cell cancer cell line (SCC-9, ATCC) cultures. Materials and Methods: A laser light source with a wavelength of 635 nm was used for this study. The cytotoxic values of the cancerous (SCC-9) and healthy (L-929) cell samples to which different Pc concentrations were applied under laser light were evaluated spectroscopically with the XTT method. Results: The oxo-TiPc compound exhibited a significantly lower IC50 value (46.8 µM) for SCC-9 cells compared to the CuPc compound (286.2 µM), indicating higher anticancer activity. This cytotoxicity may be due to decreased aggregation and enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Double-staining tests confirmed that oxo-TiPc-induced cell death included both apoptosis and necrosis. Conclusions: The findings show that the oxo-TiPc compound, unlike the CuPc compound, exhibited more selective toxicity to the SCC-9 cell line and has a higher phototoxic effect.