Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
MEDICAL ONCOLOGY, sa.41, ss.1-10, 2024 (SCI-Expanded)
Retinoic acid (RA) has been shown in earlier investigations to have anticancer properties in various cancer cells. RA’s efect
on breast cancer treatment remains uncertain, though. This study investigated whether RA and chitosan nanoparticles (NPs)
loaded with RA could be harmful to the MCF-7 cell line. In this study, NPs with RA were used in characterization tests.
Using ELISA kits, the amounts of 8-okso-2′-deoksiguanozin (8-oxo-dG), BCL-2, Bcl-2-Associated X-protein (Bax), cleaved
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP), total oxidant and antioxidant, and cleaved caspase-3 capacities were determined.
The analysis of chitosan NPs showed that their drug-release profle, encapsulation efciency (EE), and particle size were
suitable for cell culture experiment. The EE value of NPs including RA was calculated as 83.32±0.04%. The IC50 value
for RA was 2.89±0.03 µg/mL, while the IC50 value for RA-loaded NPs was signifcantly lower at 2.28±0.02 µg/mL. In
ELISA testing, RA and chitosan NPs containing RA at a concentration of 2 µg/mL dramatically increased the concentrations
of total oxidant, cleaved caspase-3. Cleaved caspase-3 levels were quantifed as 614.90±3.40 pg/mg protein in the control
group, 826.37±5.82 pg/mg protein in RA-treated cells, and 863.52±4.32 pg/mg protein in RA-NP-treated cells. Interestingly, no substantial variations were observed in the levels of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2. Overall, studies revealed
that RA and RA-NPs promoted apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by upregulating the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax,
cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP.