Effervescence-assisted dispersive liquid-phase microextraction of folic acid in fruits, pharmaceuticals, and vegetables using a nonionic surfactant-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent

FESLİYAN S., Bişgin A. T., Çoban M., ALTUNAY N.

Microchemical Journal, cilt.217, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 217
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.115035
  • Dergi Adı: Microchemical Journal
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Index Islamicus, Veterinary Science Database
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Effervescence-assisted, Folic acid, HDES, LPME, Spectrophotometry, Vitamin B9
  • Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

A useful and sustainable effervescence-assisted dispersive liquid-phase microextraction procedure using a surfactant-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (HDES) was established for the determination of vitamin B9 (folic acid) in fruits, vegetables, and pharmaceutical products. To reach the desired extraction efficiency (≥95 %), four different HDESs were prepared. Microextraction parameters of the method were optimized. Values for the limit of detection (LOD), preconcentration factor (PF), and linear dynamic range (LR) were obtained as 0.7 μg L−1, 140, and 2–700 μg L−1, respectively. The relative standard deviation was below 2.1 %. Three different standard reference materials (SRM) were used to validate the method. The recovery values for the SRMs ranged from 94.6 % to 96.2 %. Amount of folic acid in the real samples ranged from 19.2 μg to 461.0 μg, based on 100 g of sample or one tablet. Analyte addition-recovery test results ranged from 95.4 % to 99.8 %. Evaluation of the developed procedure's sustainability profile was carried out using the AGREE and BAGI software.