Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Water Process Engineering, cilt.88, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
In this study, the adsorption performance of Macrolepiota procera biomass for the removal of Crystal Violet (CV) from aqueous solutions was investigated using experimental and theoretical approaches. The effects of contact time (1–1440 min), initial solution pH (2−12), biosorbent dosage (0.01–0.20 g), and temperature (278.15–333.15 K) on CV adsorption were comprehensively examined. Under optimum conditions, the CV removal efficiency reached approximately 68–81%, while removal efficiency increased with increasing biosorbent dosage, the equilibrium adsorption capacity decreased due to the underutilization of active sites at higher loadings. Equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with the Freundlich model indicating surface heterogeneity. Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.971), suggesting that surface-controlled interactions play a dominant role. Thermodynamic results confirmed that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic (ΔH = 24.85 kJ mol−1), with increasingly negative Gibbs free energy values at higher temperatures. Surface characterization (FT-IR, SEM, and EDX) verified the involvement of surface functional groups after adsorption. Reusability tests showed that the biosorbent retained approximately 25% of its initial adsorption capacity after five cycles, indicating its suitability for limited-cycle or low-cost disposable applications. The power of the interaction between crystal violet and chitin, which is the dominant molecular component of cell wall macromolecule of the mushrooms was investigated via Density Functional Theory calculations and Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulations supporting the experiments made.