Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2023 (SCI-Expanded)
Congo red (CR) is one of the most common dyes that require special attention due to its harmfulness and high persistence in the aquatic environment. This study aimed to remove carcinogenic CR from water using a Granite/Iron oxide/Chitosan (G@Fe3O4@CS) nanocomposite. The G@Fe3O4@CS nanocomposite was synthesized using the coprecipitation method. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD methods. The effects of various parameters, namely solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of CR, experiment duration, temperature, co-existing anions, and reusability of NCs, were also investigated. The highest removal for 100 mg/L CR, with a removal effectiveness of 93.78%, was recorded at 60 °C. Thermodynamics, isotherms, and kinetics were investigated for adsorption mechanisms. The study demonstrated that all sorption processes were better suited to the pseudo-second-order equation (R2 = 0.999) and the Langmuir equation (R2 = 0.9909 with qmax = 63.69 mg/g at 288 K). The nature of the process is spontaneous, endothermic, and characterized by increased randomness, as indicated by thermodynamic properties. Desorption studies showed that G@Fe3O4@CS can remove 86.22% of Congo red; under the same conditions, the removal rate was 76.82% and 47.62% after three and five adsorption cycles, respectively. The simple and eco-friendly manufacturing process, effective adsorption procedure, rapid magnetic separation, and all experimental results indicated that G@Fe3O4@CS could be a potential adsorbent for the adsorptive removal of wastewater containing CR dye. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]